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Availability & Reliability

Distinguish the terms

Availability asks whether the service is usable when requested.

Reliability is broader: the ability of a system to perform correctly and consistently over time.

Durability concerns whether stored data remains intact.

Key concepts

  • Availability targets
  • SLA
  • SLO
  • SLI
  • Error budgets
  • MTTR
  • MTBF
  • RTO
  • RPO
  • Fault domains
  • Redundancy
  • Failover
  • Graceful degradation

Design questions

  1. What does 99.9% availability mean operationally?
  2. What changes when the target becomes 99.99%?
  3. Which failure domains must be isolated?
  4. What is the recovery strategy?
  5. What data can be lost?
  6. How quickly must service recover?

Design scenario

Design a service with a 99.99% availability target and an RPO of five minutes.

Identify:

  • failure domains
  • replication strategy
  • recovery process
  • monitoring
  • operational risks